PayforPerformance Plan Fails to Improve Cancer Screening

breast cancer on mammogram PayforPerformance Plan Fails to Improve Cancer Screening
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers ladies, he takes the ultimate place. In most cases, breast cancer develops in the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, in addition to cancer with the nipple and also the nipple with the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as a the node having a diameter up to several centimeters. In some instances, a tight knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in the surrounding fatty tissue, in other people - a soft, juicy around the cut, splits easily. Diffuse cancer of the prostate is included for any considerable distance, the contours in the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms about the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In some instances, the tumor spreads across the surface in the breast and many types of the iron is included having a dense shell.

In histological structure are the following varieties of cancer of the breast:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast may be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as a varying degrees of tissue and cell irregularities, which able to distinguish different level of malignancy. This type of cancer include, in particular, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which will contains the structure of scirrhus, in addition to Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons for breast cancers often are hormonal changes within the body: the entry into menopause, if you have an active restructuring from the hormonal regulation with the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased production of progesterone and estrogen, one's body is certainly going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining from the uterus) are most tuned in to these changes, the breast tissue starts to dissolve and stay replaced by fat.

Scientifically established the female hormones estrogen-, plays an important role inside continuing development of cancer of the breast. The excess hormones inside the body produces a favorable background for developing the condition. The least active hormones estrogen behave while pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (greater than 12 months) to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. On the other hand, abortion lead to hormonal "explosion" in the woman's body that will trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there's no consensus regarding the impact about the continuing development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, yet it's thought that these drugs reduce the potential risk of developing breast cancers, but increase the chance of developing cancer in the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to cancer of the breast might cause harmful environmental factors: the planet, along with inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients which has a group of first-degree relatives with breast cancer (mothers and sisters) likelihood of developing a tumor increasing by over half - familial forms of cancer.

Benign breast diseases such as fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone don't result in cancer, but as well, create an unfavorable background for its development.

The source of cancer of the breast will be the outcomes of radiation, like irradiation of the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can result in cancer of the breast and female reproductive system, with an excess dimply skin inside the body, it is another endocrine organ and actually starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the continuing development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are many forms with the growth of breast cancer:

- Nodular form, the most frequent, is seen as a a dense knot of 0.5 to 5 cm or more, it's characterized by all with the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor with no clear boundaries, "spreading" from the breast and skin. For the initial two forms are characteristic signs of inflammation: pain from the breast, a bright beautiful red colors from the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of those symptoms often occur, and errors in proper diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, that are named and are known as these forms breast cancers. When tubular carcinoma cancer of the breast cover as a "skin" of the company's contracting and decreasing in dimensions.

In some instances, breast cancers manifests inside form of metastases inside lymph nodes around the affected side, often ceases to detect the tumor itself - show hidden cancer of the breast.

For small tumors with the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant as well as their husbands are able to detect tumor site within the gland by accident, but in the large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot might be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks in favor of a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it really is stationary or slightly shifted, might be firmly fixed towards the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a significant size (more than 3 to 5 cm and sometimes 10-15 cm).

Need to assess the surface with the skin in the tumor: the malignant process will be observed retraction from the skin, picking up inside folds, wrinkles, an indicator of "lemon peel" - a local swelling with the skin within the tumor, may be a direct tumor invasion to the skin surface, then it becomes a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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