Staging of cancer

breast cancer on ultrasound looks like Staging of cancer
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in women, he takes consumers. In most cases, breast cancers develops in the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, and also cancer from the nipple as well as the nipple in the field (Paget's disease from the breast). For the nodular cancers are characterized by the node developing a diameter up to several centimeters. In certain instances, a tight knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in to the surrounding fat, in others - a soft, juicy around the cut, splits easily. Diffuse cancer of prostate is roofed for the considerable distance, the contours from the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads over the surface from the breast and all sorts of the iron is roofed having a dense shell.

In histological structure would be the following types of breast cancer:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast might be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as an varying levels of tissue and cell irregularities, which able to distinguish different a higher level malignancy. This type of cancer include, in particular, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which usually has got the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The factors behind breast cancer often are hormonal changes inside body: the entry into menopause, if you find a dynamic restructuring from the hormonal regulation in the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased output of progesterone and estrogen, the body will go through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining in the uterus) are most responsive to these changes, the breast type tissue actually starts to dissolve and turn into replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that this female hormones estrogen-, plays a key role within the continuing development of cancer of the breast. The excess hormones inside the body creates a favorable background for developing the illness. The least active hormones estrogen behave when pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (over 1 year) to reduce the chance of developing cancer of the breast. On the other hand, abortion lead to hormonal "explosion" inside a woman's body that will trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there's no consensus about the impact for the continuing development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it's belief that these drugs reduce the chance of developing breast cancer, but increase potential risk of developing cancer in the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancers might cause harmful environmental factors: the environment, as well as inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients using a group of first-degree relatives with cancer of the breast (mothers and sisters) chance of having a tumor increasing by over half - familial varieties of cancer.

Benign breast diseases including fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone usually do not lead to cancer, but at the same time, create an unfavorable background for its development.

The reason behind cancer of the breast may be the outcomes of radiation, like irradiation with the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can cause cancer of the breast and female reproductive :, with an excess fatty tissue within the body, it will become a separate endocrine organ and starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are several forms from the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the most typical, is seen as a a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or higher, it really is seen as a all in the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without any clear boundaries, "spreading" of the breast and skin. For the first couple of forms are characteristic signs of inflammation: pain of the breast, a bright beautiful red colors with the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of such symptoms often occur, and errors in proper diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, that happen to be named and so are known these forms cancer of the breast. When tubular carcinoma breast cancers cover being a "skin" of their contracting and decreasing in proportions.

In certain cases, breast cancers manifests within the form of metastases within the lymph nodes on the affected side, often fails to detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancer.

For small tumors from the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant females and their husbands can detect tumor site inside the gland unintentionally, but in a very large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot can be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks and only a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it is stationary or slightly shifted, could be firmly fixed for the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a tremendous size (a lot more than three to five cm and quite often 10-15 cm).

Need to gauge the surface with the skin over the tumor: the malignant process will likely be observed retraction in the skin, buying inside folds, wrinkles, an indicator of "lemon peel" - a neighborhood swelling in the skin over the tumor, can be a direct tumor invasion to your skin layer surface, then it will become a bright red color and sprawl as "cauliflower."

Share this post