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Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes the first place. In most cases, cancer of the breast develops in the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, along with cancer in the nipple as well as the nipple of the field (Paget's disease of the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as a the node having a diameter up to several centimeters. In some cases, a good knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in to the surrounding fatty tissue, on other occasions - a soft, juicy around the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate type of cancer is included for any considerable distance, the contours from the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades your skin layer and forms about the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads over the surface in the breast and all the iron is covered using a dense shell.

In histological structure are the following types of breast cancer:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast might be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as a varying degrees of tissue and cell irregularities, which able to distinguish different level of malignancy. This type of cancer include, in particular, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which usually has got the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The factors behind breast cancers often are hormonal changes inside the body: the entry into menopause, should there be an engaged restructuring in the hormonal regulation in the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased production of progesterone and estrogen, your body goes through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining from the uterus) are most responsive to these changes, the breast tissue actually starts to dissolve and stay replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that this female hormones estrogen-, plays a key role inside the growth and development of breast cancer. The excess hormones within the body generates a favorable background for developing the disease. The least active hormones estrogen behave when pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (a lot more than one year) to relieve the risk of developing breast cancers. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" in a very woman's body that may trigger the growth and development of tumors. So far there's no consensus regarding the impact on the continuing development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it is thought that these drugs reduce the potential risk of developing breast cancer, but increase the potential risk of developing cancer from the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to cancer of the breast may cause harmful environmental factors: environmental surroundings, and also inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients with a family of first-degree relatives with breast cancers (mothers and sisters) likelihood of creating a tumor increasing by more than half - familial forms of cancer.

Benign breast diseases like fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone tend not to cause cancer, but as well, create an unfavorable background due to the development.

The cause of breast cancers would be the connection between radiation, like irradiation with the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can bring about cancer of the breast and female reproductive system, with an excess fat inside body, it becomes an outside endocrine organ and begins to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the progression of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are many forms from the growth of breast cancers:

- Nodular form, the most common, is seen as a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or more, it really is characterized by all of the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor with no clear boundaries, "spreading" with the breast and skin. For the first couple of forms are characteristic indications of inflammation: pain of the breast, a bright red colorization of the skin it raises temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of the symptoms often occur, and errors in carried out patients treated for inflammatory diseases, that are named and are known these forms cancer of the breast. When tubular carcinoma breast cancer cover as being a "skin" of their contracting and decreasing in proportions.

In some cases, breast cancer manifests inside form of metastases in the lymph nodes on the affected side, often does not detect the tumor itself - show hidden cancer of the breast.

For small tumors from the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant ladies and their husbands can detect tumor site inside the gland by accident, but inside a large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot may be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks for a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a decent knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it's stationary or slightly shifted, may be firmly fixed on the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a substantial size (greater than 3 to 5 cm and infrequently 10-15 cm).

Need to gauge the surface with the skin over the tumor: the malignant process will probably be observed retraction in the skin, picking up inside the folds, wrinkles, an indication of "lemon peel" - an area swelling with the skin on the tumor, can be a direct tumor invasion to your skin surface, then it becomes a bright beautiful red colors and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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