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Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes consumers. In most cases, breast cancers develops inside the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, along with cancer in the nipple and the nipple with the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as an the node developing a diameter of up to several centimeters. In some instances, a tight knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating to the surrounding fat, in others - a soft, juicy around the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate type of cancer is included for the considerable distance, the contours with the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades skin and forms around the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In some instances, the tumor spreads along the surface with the breast and the iron is included using a dense shell.

In histological structure are the following varieties of breast cancers:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast might be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as an varying degrees of tissue and cell irregularities, which permitted to distinguish different level of malignancy. This type of cancer include, particularly, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which in turn has got the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons for cancer of the breast often are hormonal changes in the body: the entry into menopause, if you find an energetic restructuring of the hormonal regulation with the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased output of progesterone and estrogen, our bodies is certainly going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining in the uterus) are most responsive to these changes, the breast growth starts to dissolve and be replaced by fat.

Scientifically established the female hormones estrogen-, plays a vital role inside continuing development of cancer of the breast. The excess hormones within the body results in a favorable background for developing the condition. The least active hormones estrogen behave when pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved how the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (greater than 1 year) to lessen potential risk of developing cancer of the breast. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" inside a woman's body that can trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there isn't any consensus regarding the impact about the progression of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it's believed that these drugs reduce the chance of developing breast cancer, but increase potential risk of developing cancer in the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancer might cause harmful environmental factors: the planet, and also inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients having a group of first-degree relatives with cancer of the breast (mothers and sisters) risk of creating a tumor increasing by greater than half - familial types of cancer.

Benign breast diseases like fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone tend not to cause cancer, but at the same time, create an unfavorable background due to the development.

The cause of breast cancers would be the effects of radiation, like irradiation with the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can result in cancer with the breast and female reproductive system, with the excess fat inside the body, it becomes another endocrine organ and actually starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the progression of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are several forms of the growth of breast cancers:

- Nodular form, the most typical, is characterized by a dense knot of 0.5 to 5 cm or even more, it is seen as a all in the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without having clear boundaries, "spreading" of the breast and skin. For the first 2 forms are characteristic warning signs of inflammation: pain of the breast, a bright red colorization of the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of those symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosing patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which can be named and are described these forms breast cancers. When tubular carcinoma breast cancer cover like a "skin" of its contracting and decreasing in proportions.

In certain instances, breast cancer manifests within the form of metastases in the lymph nodes about the affected side, often doesn't detect the tumor itself - show hidden cancer of the breast.

For small tumors from the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant females and their husbands can detect tumor site in the gland accidentally, but in the large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot can be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks and only a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it is stationary or slightly shifted, might be firmly fixed for the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a substantial size (more than 3 to 5 cm and infrequently 10-15 cm).

Need to assess the surface with the skin on the tumor: the malignant process will probably be observed retraction with the skin, obtaining inside folds, wrinkles, an indication of "lemon peel" - an area swelling with the skin in the tumor, might be a direct tumor invasion to skin surface, then it is a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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