Genetic studies of breast cancer in dogs ScienceDaily

breast cancer on dogs Genetic studies of breast cancer in dogs ScienceDaily
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in ladies, he takes consumers. In most cases, breast cancers develops in the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, in addition to cancer of the nipple along with the nipple from the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as a the node creating a diameter up to several centimeters. In certain instances, a good knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in the surrounding fat, in others - a soft, juicy on the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate cancer is included for a considerable distance, the contours in the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads along the surface from the breast and all sorts of the iron is covered with a dense shell.

In histological structure are the following types of cancer of the breast:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancer can be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is characterized by varying degrees of tissue and cell irregularities, which allowed to distinguish different amount of malignancy. This type of cancer include, in particular, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which usually contains the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The causes of breast cancer often are hormonal changes inside body: the entry into menopause, if you have an energetic restructuring from the hormonal regulation of the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased manufacture of progesterone and estrogen, the body goes through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining in the uterus) are most tuned in to these changes, the breast type tissue begins to dissolve and become replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that this female hormones estrogen-, plays a vital role inside progression of cancer of the breast. The excess hormones inside the body generates a favorable background for developing the condition. The least active hormones estrogen behave in pregnancy and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved how the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (over twelve months) to relieve the potential risk of developing breast cancer. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" in a very woman's body that will trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there's no consensus about the impact about the growth and development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it's belief that these drugs reduce the potential risk of developing breast cancer, but increase the chance of developing cancer from the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancers might cause harmful environmental factors: environmental surroundings, along with inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients with a family of first-degree relatives with cancer of the breast (mothers and sisters) likelihood of having a tumor increasing by over half - familial types of cancer.

Benign breast diseases for example fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone do not bring about cancer, but concurrently, create an unfavorable background because of its development.

The cause of breast cancer could be the effects of radiation, including irradiation with the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can lead to cancer from the breast and female reproductive system, having an excess dimply skin inside body, it becomes a separate endocrine organ and actually starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the continuing development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are several forms from the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the most frequent, is seen as a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or higher, it can be seen as all with the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without clear boundaries, "spreading" with the breast and skin. For the first two forms are characteristic signs of inflammation: pain with the breast, a bright red colorization in the skin it raises body temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of the symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which are named and they are referred to these forms breast cancers. When tubular carcinoma cancer of the breast cover being a "skin" of the contracting and decreasing in dimensions.

In certain cases, breast cancers manifests within the form of metastases within the lymph nodes about the affected side, often doesn't detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancers.

For small tumors in the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant as well as their husbands are able to detect tumor site inside the gland accidentally, but in a large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot may be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks for a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a tight knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it can be stationary or slightly shifted, might be firmly fixed for the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a substantial size (more than 3 - 5 cm and often 10-15 cm).

Need to evaluate the surface of the skin over the tumor: the malignant process will be observed retraction with the skin, buying inside folds, wrinkles, a symptom of "lemon peel" - a local swelling of the skin over the tumor, might be a direct tumor invasion to the skin surface, then it will become a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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