Online CME: Screening Breast Ultrasound

breast cancer on ultrasound looks like Online CME: Screening Breast Ultrasound
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in ladies, he takes the ultimate place. In most cases, breast cancers develops inside presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, and also cancer in the nipple along with the nipple of the field (Paget's disease from the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as an the node developing a diameter all the way to several centimeters. In some instances, a strong knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating into the surrounding dimply skin, in others - a soft, juicy on the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate cancer is covered for a considerable distance, the contours of the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades skin and forms around the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In some instances, the tumor spreads over the surface from the breast and all the iron is included with a dense shell.

In histological structure would be the following varieties of cancer of the breast:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast can be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as an varying degrees of tissue and cell irregularities, which allowed to distinguish different amount of malignancy. This type of cancer include, especially, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which often has the structure of scirrhus, along with Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The causes of cancer of the breast often are hormonal changes inside body: the entry into menopause, when there is an active restructuring from the hormonal regulation from the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased manufacture of progesterone and estrogen, the body is certainly going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining of the uterus) are most attentive to these changes, the breast growth actually starts to dissolve and turn into replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that the female hormones estrogen-, plays an integral role inside the progression of breast cancer. The excess hormones in the body results in a favorable background for developing the condition. The least active hormones estrogen behave when pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved how the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (greater than one year) to reduce the potential risk of developing breast cancers. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" in a woman's body that may trigger the growth and development of tumors. So far there's no consensus in regards to the impact about the continuing development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it is considered that these drugs reduce the potential risk of developing breast cancer, but increase the risk of developing cancer from the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancer may cause harmful environmental factors: the environment, as well as inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients with a group of first-degree relatives with cancer of the breast (mothers and sisters) risk of developing a tumor increasing by greater than half - familial forms of cancer.

Benign breast diseases such as fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone do not bring about cancer, but concurrently, create an unfavorable background due to the development.

The reason behind cancer of the breast will be the connection between radiation, like irradiation from the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can lead to cancer in the breast and female the reproductive system, by having an excess fat in the body, it is a separate endocrine organ and actually starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the growth and development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are a couple of forms of the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the most frequent, is seen as a a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or higher, it really is seen as all from the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without clear boundaries, "spreading" from the breast and skin. For the initial two forms are characteristic signs and symptoms of inflammation: pain with the breast, a bright red color of the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of the symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which are named and so are known these forms breast cancer. When tubular carcinoma cancer of the breast cover as being a "skin" of the company's contracting and decreasing in space.

In some instances, cancer of the breast manifests within the form of metastases inside the lymph nodes on the affected side, often fails to detect the tumor itself - show hidden cancer of the breast.

For small tumors from the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant females and their husbands can detect tumor site inside the gland unintentionally, but in a large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot might be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks and only a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a decent knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it can be stationary or slightly shifted, could be firmly fixed towards the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a significant size (more than 3 - 5 cm and infrequently 10-15 cm).

Need to assess the surface in the skin within the tumor: the malignant process will be observed retraction of the skin, picking up inside folds, wrinkles, a signal of "lemon peel" - a neighborhood swelling in the skin on the tumor, might be a direct tumor invasion to your skin layer surface, then it becomes a bright red color and sprawl as "cauliflower."

Share this post