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Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes the initial place. In most cases, cancer of the breast develops inside presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, along with cancer from the nipple as well as the nipple with the field (Paget's disease from the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as the node using a diameter all the way to several centimeters. In certain cases, a tight knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in the surrounding fat, on other occasions - a soft, juicy about the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate type of cancer is covered for a considerable distance, the contours with the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms around the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads over the surface of the breast and all sorts of the iron is roofed having a dense shell.

In histological structure would be the following varieties of breast cancer:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast could be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is characterized by varying examples of tissue and cell irregularities, which permitted to distinguish different degree of malignancy. This type of cancer include, in particular, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which in turn has got the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons behind breast cancers often are hormonal changes inside body: the entry into menopause, if you find an energetic restructuring in the hormonal regulation in the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased production of progesterone and estrogen, one's body is certainly going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining in the uterus) are most attentive to these changes, the breast growth begins to dissolve and become replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that this female hormones estrogen-, plays a key role inside continuing development of breast cancers. The excess hormones inside the body produces a favorable background for developing the disease. The least active hormones estrogen behave in pregnancy and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved how the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (over one year) to lessen the risk of developing breast cancer. On the other hand, abortion bring about hormonal "explosion" in a very woman's body that could trigger the progression of tumors. So far there is no consensus concerning the impact on the development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, however it is considered that these drugs reduce the risk of developing cancer of the breast, but increase the chance of developing cancer of the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancer could cause harmful environmental factors: the surroundings, and also inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients using a category of first-degree relatives with cancer of the breast (mothers and sisters) likelihood of developing a tumor increasing by more than half - familial varieties of cancer.

Benign breast diseases including fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone do not result in cancer, but concurrently, create an unfavorable background due to the development.

The reason for breast cancer could be the results of radiation, like irradiation in the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can cause cancer in the breast and female reproductive system, with the excess fatty tissue inside the body, it might be a separate endocrine organ and starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are many forms in the growth of breast cancers:

- Nodular form, the commonest, is seen as an a dense knot of 0.5 to five cm or more, it is seen as an all of the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without clear boundaries, "spreading" of the breast and skin. For the first two forms are characteristic signs and symptoms of inflammation: pain of the breast, a bright red colorization in the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of these symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which are named and are known as these forms breast cancer. When tubular carcinoma breast cancer cover as a "skin" of their contracting and decreasing in proportions.

In certain cases, breast cancers manifests within the form of metastases inside the lymph nodes around the affected side, often fails to detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancers.

For small tumors in the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant ladies and their husbands can detect tumor site within the gland by chance, but in the large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot might be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks and only a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it really is stationary or slightly shifted, could be firmly fixed to the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a significant size (greater than 3 to 5 cm and quite often 10-15 cm).

Need to gauge the surface with the skin on the tumor: the malignant process will be observed retraction with the skin, collecting within the folds, wrinkles, an indicator of "lemon peel" - an area swelling from the skin over the tumor, may be a direct tumor invasion to your skin layer surface, then it is a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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