UltrasoundGuided Biopsy of Breast

breast cancer on ultrasound UltrasoundGuided Biopsy of Breast
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in women, he takes the first place. In most cases, cancer of the breast develops within the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, as well as cancer with the nipple as well as the nipple of the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as an the node having a diameter all the way to several centimeters. In some cases, a tight knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating into the surrounding fatty tissue, in others - a soft, juicy around the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate cancer is covered for the considerable distance, the contours in the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades your skin layer and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain cases, the tumor spreads over the surface of the breast and all sorts of the iron is roofed with a dense shell.

In histological structure would be the following kinds of breast cancers:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancers could be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is characterized by varying examples of tissue and cell irregularities, which allowed to distinguish different level of malignancy. This type of cancer include, particularly, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which in turn gets the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The factors behind breast cancers often are hormonal changes within the body: the entry into menopause, if you find an engaged restructuring with the hormonal regulation from the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased production of progesterone and estrogen, one's body is going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining in the uterus) are most attentive to these changes, the breast type tissue begins to dissolve and turn into replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that the female hormones estrogen-, plays an important role inside the growth and development of breast cancer. The excess hormones within the body creates a favorable background for developing the sickness. The least active hormones estrogen behave while pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (a lot more than 1 year) to relieve the potential risk of developing breast cancers. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" in a very woman's body that could trigger the progression of tumors. So far there's no consensus regarding the impact about the progression of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it is thought that these drugs reduce the chance of developing breast cancer, but increase the potential risk of developing cancer with the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancers might cause harmful environmental factors: the surroundings, along with inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients using a category of first-degree relatives with breast cancers (mothers and sisters) chance of having a tumor increasing by more than half - familial types of cancer.

Benign breast diseases like fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone usually do not result in cancer, but concurrently, create an unfavorable background because of its development.

The source of breast cancer would be the results of radiation, for example irradiation with the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can cause cancer from the breast and female reproductive system, by having an excess fat inside body, it might be another endocrine organ and starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are several forms with the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the commonest, is seen as a dense knot of 0.5 to 5 cm or more, it's seen as an all in the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without clear boundaries, "spreading" from the breast and skin. For the first 2 forms are characteristic signs and symptoms of inflammation: pain in the breast, a bright red color with the skin it raises body temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of such symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, that are named and are described these forms breast cancer. When tubular carcinoma cancer of the breast cover as a "skin" of their contracting and decreasing in size.

In some instances, breast cancers manifests within the form of metastases within the lymph nodes on the affected side, often does not detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancers.

For small tumors with the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant as well as their husbands can detect tumor site inside the gland accidentally, but in a large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot can be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks and only a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a decent knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it's stationary or slightly shifted, might be firmly fixed to the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a substantial size (greater than 3 to 5 cm and quite often 10-15 cm).

Need to gauge the surface with the skin on the tumor: the malignant process is going to be observed retraction from the skin, obtaining within the folds, wrinkles, an indicator of "lemon peel" - a local swelling of the skin in the tumor, is often a direct tumor invasion to your skin layer surface, then it might be a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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