Breast Ultrasound: Screening Breast Ultrasound

breast cancer on ultrasound Breast Ultrasound: Screening Breast Ultrasound
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in ladies, he takes the initial place. In most cases, breast cancers develops in the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, as well as cancer from the nipple and the nipple in the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as a the node creating a diameter as high as several centimeters. In certain instances, a strong knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in the surrounding fatty tissue, on other occasions - a soft, juicy about the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate type of cancer is included for a considerable distance, the contours in the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades your skin layer and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In some instances, the tumor spreads down the surface from the breast and the iron is roofed having a dense shell.

In histological structure include the following varieties of cancer of the breast:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancer could be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as varying examples of tissue and cell irregularities, which allowed to distinguish different amount of malignancy. This type of cancer include, in particular, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which usually has got the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The factors behind cancer of the breast often are hormonal changes inside the body: the entry into menopause, when there is an energetic restructuring in the hormonal regulation from the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased manufacture of progesterone and estrogen, the body is certainly going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining with the uterus) are most understanding of these changes, the breast type tissue starts to dissolve and become replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that the female hormones estrogen-, plays a vital role in the continuing development of cancer of the breast. The excess hormones within the body produces a favorable background for developing the disease. The least active hormones estrogen behave during pregnancy and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (more than one year) to lessen the potential risk of developing breast cancers. On the other hand, abortion cause hormonal "explosion" in a woman's body that will trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there is absolutely no consensus about the impact around the development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, however it is considered that these drugs reduce the risk of developing cancer of the breast, but increase the chance of developing cancer from the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancer can cause harmful environmental factors: the environment, as well as inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients using a group of first-degree relatives with breast cancers (mothers and sisters) risk of creating a tumor increasing by a lot more than half - familial types of cancer.

Benign breast diseases like fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone usually do not lead to cancer, but as well, create an unfavorable background for its development.

The reason for breast cancers will be the connection between radiation, such as irradiation from the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can cause cancer of the breast and female reproductive system, with the excess fatty tissue inside body, it will become a different endocrine organ and begins to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the progression of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are a couple of forms with the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the most common, is seen as a a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or more, it really is seen as an all in the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without any clear boundaries, "spreading" from the breast and skin. For the first two forms are characteristic signs and symptoms of inflammation: pain of the breast, a bright red color of the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of the symptoms often occur, and errors in proper diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which can be named and they are referred to these forms cancer of the breast. When tubular carcinoma breast cancer cover being a "skin" of the contracting and decreasing in space.

In certain instances, breast cancers manifests within the form of metastases inside the lymph nodes around the affected side, often does not detect the tumor itself - show hidden cancer of the breast.

For small tumors in the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant women and their husbands can detect tumor site inside the gland by chance, but in a very large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot might be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks for a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a tight knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it can be stationary or slightly shifted, could be firmly fixed towards the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a significant size (greater than 3 to 5 cm and often 10-15 cm).

Need to gauge the surface from the skin in the tumor: the malignant process will likely be observed retraction from the skin, buying inside the folds, wrinkles, a signal of "lemon peel" - a local swelling of the skin on the tumor, is often a direct tumor invasion to your skin layer surface, then it will become a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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