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Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in women, he takes the ultimate place. In most cases, breast cancers develops within the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, as well as cancer with the nipple as well as the nipple in the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as a the node using a diameter up to several centimeters. In some cases, a good knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating to the surrounding fatty tissue, on other occasions - a soft, juicy around the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate cancer is included for any considerable distance, the contours in the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In some instances, the tumor spreads across the surface with the breast and all the iron is roofed using a dense shell.

In histological structure would be the following types of breast cancer:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancer may be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as varying levels of tissue and cell irregularities, which able to distinguish different level of malignancy. This type of cancer include, especially, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which in turn has got the structure of scirrhus, as well as Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons behind cancer of the breast often are hormonal changes inside body: the entry into menopause, when there is an engaged restructuring in the hormonal regulation from the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased manufacture of progesterone and estrogen, your body will go through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining of the uterus) are most attentive to these changes, the breast tissue begins to dissolve and become replaced by fat.

Scientifically established the female hormones estrogen-, plays an important role in the continuing development of breast cancer. The excess hormones inside the body creates a favorable background for developing the condition. The least active hormones estrogen behave in pregnancy and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (more than one year) to lessen the risk of developing cancer of the breast. On the other hand, abortion lead to hormonal "explosion" in a woman's body that will trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there's no consensus in regards to the impact on the growth and development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, yet it's considered that these drugs reduce the risk of developing cancer of the breast, but increase the potential risk of developing cancer in the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancers can cause harmful environmental factors: the environment, and also inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients which has a group of first-degree relatives with breast cancer (mothers and sisters) risk of having a tumor increasing by greater than half - familial kinds of cancer.

Benign breast diseases such as fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone do not bring about cancer, but concurrently, create an unfavorable background due to the development.

The source of breast cancer may be the outcomes of radiation, like irradiation in the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can result in cancer of the breast and female the reproductive system, by having an excess dimply skin inside body, it might be a separate endocrine organ and starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are some forms of the growth of breast cancers:

- Nodular form, the most typical, is characterized by a dense knot of 0.5 to 5 cm or even more, it's characterized by all in the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor with no clear boundaries, "spreading" from the breast and skin. For the first couple of forms are characteristic warning signs of inflammation: pain with the breast, a bright red color from the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of such symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which are named and are described these forms cancer of the breast. When tubular carcinoma breast cancers cover like a "skin" of its contracting and decreasing in dimensions.

In some instances, cancer of the breast manifests inside form of metastases within the lymph nodes about the affected side, often does not detect the tumor itself - show hidden cancer of the breast.

For small tumors of the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant ladies and their husbands are able to detect tumor site within the gland accidentally, but inside a large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot can be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks for a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it can be stationary or slightly shifted, could be firmly fixed on the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach an important size (more than 3 - 5 cm and sometimes 10-15 cm).

Need to assess the surface from the skin on the tumor: the malignant process will probably be observed retraction of the skin, picking up inside folds, wrinkles, an indicator of "lemon peel" - a neighborhood swelling from the skin on the tumor, can be a direct tumor invasion to the skin surface, then it will become a bright red color and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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