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Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes the initial place. In most cases, breast cancers develops inside the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, and also cancer with the nipple and also the nipple with the field (Paget's disease from the breast). For the nodular cancers are characterized by the node having a diameter as high as several centimeters. In some instances, a tight knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating to the surrounding fat, in others - a soft, juicy for the cut, splits easily. Diffuse cancer of prostate is included for the considerable distance, the contours from the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms around the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads down the surface of the breast and all sorts of the iron is roofed using a dense shell.

In histological structure are the following forms of cancer of the breast:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast may be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as an varying levels of tissue and cell irregularities, which permitted to distinguish different level of malignancy. This type of cancer include, especially, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which in turn gets the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons behind breast cancer often are hormonal changes inside body: the entry into menopause, when there is an active restructuring from the hormonal regulation in the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased creation of progesterone and estrogen, one's body is going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining of the uterus) are most attentive to these changes, the breast tissue starts to dissolve and become replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that this female hormones estrogen-, plays an integral role in the growth and development of breast cancers. The excess hormones inside the body results in a favorable background for developing the sickness. The least active hormones estrogen behave while pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (a lot more than 1 year) to lessen the risk of developing cancer of the breast. On the other hand, abortion cause hormonal "explosion" inside a woman's body that can trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there is absolutely no consensus in regards to the impact on the continuing development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it is considered that these drugs reduce potential risk of developing cancer of the breast, but increase the potential risk of developing cancer with the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancers could cause harmful environmental factors: the planet, as well as inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients having a family of first-degree relatives with cancer of the breast (mothers and sisters) chance of making a tumor increasing by more than half - familial kinds of cancer.

Benign breast diseases for example fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone tend not to result in cancer, but concurrently, create an unfavorable background due to the development.

The cause of breast cancers could be the outcomes of radiation, such as irradiation from the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can bring about cancer from the breast and female the reproductive system, by having an excess fat in the body, it is another endocrine organ and starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the continuing development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are many forms from the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the most typical, is seen as a a dense knot of 0.5 to five cm or even more, it is seen as an all with the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor with no clear boundaries, "spreading" in the breast and skin. For the first couple of forms are characteristic signs of inflammation: pain in the breast, a bright beautiful red colors of the skin it raises body temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of these symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which can be named and therefore are referred to these forms breast cancer. When tubular carcinoma breast cancer cover being a "skin" of the contracting and decreasing in space.

In certain instances, breast cancer manifests in the form of metastases in the lymph nodes about the affected side, often ceases to detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancers.

For small tumors in the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant females and their husbands can easily detect tumor site within the gland accidentally, but in the large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot might be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks for a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a strong knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it is stationary or slightly shifted, could be firmly fixed towards the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a tremendous size (more than 3 to 5 cm and quite often 10-15 cm).

Need to assess the surface from the skin on the tumor: the malignant process will likely be observed retraction in the skin, buying inside folds, wrinkles, a signal of "lemon peel" - a nearby swelling from the skin on the tumor, can be a direct tumor invasion to the skin surface, then it might be a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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