breast pathology ultrasound

breast cancer on ultrasound breast pathology ultrasound
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes consumers. In most cases, breast cancers develops inside the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, as well as cancer of the nipple as well as the nipple of the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as an the node using a diameter as high as several centimeters. In certain instances, a strong knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in to the surrounding dimply skin, in others - a soft, juicy about the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate cancer is roofed for the considerable distance, the contours in the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In some cases, the tumor spreads across the surface with the breast and the iron is included using a dense shell.

In histological structure would be the following types of breast cancers:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive cancer of the breast could be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as an varying levels of tissue and cell irregularities, which permitted to distinguish different degree of malignancy. This type of cancer include, specifically, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which usually contains the structure of scirrhus, as well as Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons behind cancer of the breast often are hormonal changes in the body: the entry into menopause, should there be an energetic restructuring with the hormonal regulation of the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased creation of progesterone and estrogen, our bodies goes through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining of the uterus) are most responsive to these changes, the breast type tissue actually starts to dissolve and stay replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that this female hormones estrogen-, plays a key role inside continuing development of breast cancer. The excess hormones within the body produces a favorable background for developing the disease. The least active hormones estrogen behave while pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (a lot more than one year) to cut back potential risk of developing breast cancer. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" in the woman's body that can trigger the progression of tumors. So far there's no consensus about the impact around the continuing development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, yet it's thought that these drugs reduce the chance of developing breast cancer, but increase the chance of developing cancer with the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to cancer of the breast may cause harmful environmental factors: the planet, in addition to inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients using a family of first-degree relatives with cancer of the breast (mothers and sisters) risk of having a tumor increasing by greater than half - familial kinds of cancer.

Benign breast diseases like fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone don't lead to cancer, but at the same time, create an unfavorable background for its development.

The source of cancer of the breast could be the results of radiation, for example irradiation from the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can cause cancer in the breast and female the reproductive system, with an excess fatty tissue inside the body, it becomes a separate endocrine organ and actually starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are a couple of forms with the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the most typical, is characterized by a dense knot of 0.5 to five cm or maybe more, it can be characterized by all from the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without clear boundaries, "spreading" of the breast and skin. For the first 2 forms are characteristic indications of inflammation: pain from the breast, a bright red color from the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of the symptoms often occur, and errors in carried out patients treated for inflammatory diseases, that are named and are described these forms cancer of the breast. When tubular carcinoma breast cancers cover as a "skin" of the company's contracting and decreasing in size.

In certain cases, breast cancers manifests within the form of metastases inside the lymph nodes for the affected side, often fails to detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancers.

For small tumors with the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant women and their husbands are able to detect tumor site inside the gland unintentionally, but inside a large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot might be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks for a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it can be stationary or slightly shifted, might be firmly fixed on the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a substantial size (more than 3 - 5 cm and often 10-15 cm).

Need to evaluate the surface from the skin within the tumor: the malignant process will likely be observed retraction in the skin, picking up inside the folds, wrinkles, a signal of "lemon peel" - a nearby swelling in the skin within the tumor, is often a direct tumor invasion to your skin surface, then it is a bright red colorization and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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