Diagnosis and Imaging

breast cancer on mri Diagnosis and Imaging
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes consumers. In most cases, cancer of the breast develops in the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, along with cancer from the nipple and the nipple with the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as an the node creating a diameter all the way to several centimeters. In certain instances, a strong knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating into the surrounding dimply skin, in other people - a soft, juicy on the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate type of cancer is included to get a considerable distance, the contours of the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads along the surface with the breast and the iron is roofed having a dense shell.

In histological structure are the following kinds of cancer of the breast:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancer might be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as varying degrees of tissue and cell irregularities, which allowed to distinguish different amount of malignancy. This type of cancer include, especially, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which often contains the structure of scirrhus, in addition to Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The factors behind breast cancers often are hormonal changes in the body: the entry into menopause, if you have an engaged restructuring of the hormonal regulation with the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased production of progesterone and estrogen, your body goes through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining in the uterus) are most tuned in to these changes, the breast type tissue starts to dissolve and turn into replaced by fat.

Scientifically established that the female hormones estrogen-, plays an integral role inside development of breast cancer. The excess hormones inside the body results in a favorable background for developing the disease. The least active hormones estrogen behave during pregnancy and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that this birth and prolonged breastfeeding (greater than 1 year) to cut back the chance of developing breast cancers. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" inside a woman's body that can trigger the development of tumors. So far there isn't any consensus about the impact on the progression of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, however it is believed that these drugs reduce the chance of developing cancer of the breast, but increase potential risk of developing cancer from the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancers may cause harmful environmental factors: the environment, and also inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients with a group of first-degree relatives with breast cancer (mothers and sisters) likelihood of creating a tumor increasing by a lot more than half - familial forms of cancer.

Benign breast diseases including fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone tend not to cause cancer, but as well, create an unfavorable background for the development.

The source of cancer of the breast would be the results of radiation, for example irradiation with the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can cause cancer in the breast and female reproductive :, having an excess fat inside body, it becomes a separate endocrine organ and starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are a couple of forms with the growth of breast cancer:

- Nodular form, the most frequent, is seen as a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or maybe more, it's characterized by all with the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor with no clear boundaries, "spreading" in the breast and skin. For the first couple of forms are characteristic signs of inflammation: pain in the breast, a bright red color with the skin it raises body temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of these symptoms often occur, and errors in diagnosing patients treated for inflammatory diseases, that happen to be named and are referred to these forms breast cancer. When tubular carcinoma cancer of the breast cover as a "skin" of the company's contracting and decreasing in size.

In certain instances, breast cancers manifests in the form of metastases inside lymph nodes around the affected side, often ceases to detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancer.

For small tumors of the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant as well as their husbands can easily detect tumor site within the gland accidentally, but in the large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot may be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks in favor of a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it can be stationary or slightly shifted, might be firmly fixed to the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a significant size (more than three to five cm and often 10-15 cm).

Need to gauge the surface from the skin on the tumor: the malignant process is going to be observed retraction of the skin, buying within the folds, wrinkles, an indicator of "lemon peel" - an area swelling in the skin within the tumor, might be a direct tumor invasion to your skin layer surface, then it might be a bright red color and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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